There may be multiple classifications of substances according to different criteria. We present the best known work in the media about the prevention and treatment of SPA. 

Classification of SPA

The criterion on which of this classification is based on what is the main action of the substance and therefore consistently, is expressed as a set of effects whose valuation is subjective by the subject.

Depressants

Speaking of depressants is saying that this has the ability to inhibit, cancel, cancel, delay or depress a function. Depressant substances are so called because they induce or generate moods we call depression. If we imagine a panel of controls on and off, this group what they do is turn off controls.

Within this category are the following:

  • Alcohol
  • Opium and its derivatives (morphine, heroin, codeine, etc)
  • Minor tranquilizers: benzodiazepines.
  • Major tranquilizers barbiturates
  • Inhalants: at least most of them and different backgrounds. Hydrocarbons would like some kind of glue (“Boxer”) or compounds based on methyl (“Dick”) chloride, among others.

Let this be an opportunity to refute a widespread misconception among some people thinks that alcohol is a stimulant. This is a good example of how the perception and subjective evaluation of the effect runs counter to the pharmacological action of the substance.

Indeed, low amounts of alcohol an energizing and euphoric sensation is experienced, so is believed to be a stimulant. What has really happened is that alcohol has depressed inhibitors and regulatory centers of social behavior.

Or in a colloquial way ‘less gives more for less’. When increasing the amounts, the depressant effects are much more evident instep impaired balance, decreased reaction times and impaired coordination.

Stimulants

If the controls off depressants, stimulants they do is turn them on. Action is to increase the activity of several different functions charge centers. Thus, some of the most common effects in this group of substances are the suppression of feeling tired, increased vitality, loss of sleep and increased alertness.

The most known substances classified in this category are:

  • Multiple derived from the coca leaf
  • Amphetamines
  • Xanthenes’
  • “Energizing” Drinks
  • Methamphetamine

Clarification of another erroneous believes much has been speculated about so-called energy drinks, which as we saw are really encouraging. What can happen after drinking three cans of any of the trademarks, it is equivalent to what you might experiment with three rates of a strong coffee: insomnia, loss of appetite and increased alertness. With this, we do not go counter to the clear and explicit manufacturers’ recommendation to avoid delivery to children less than 14 years.

Hallucinogens

The main feature of this group of substances is their ability to generate alterations in visual, auditory and / or kinesthetic perception.

Hallucination is defined as a perception that has no referent in reality. It differs from the illusion, where the perception if you have a referent in reality only alters its interpretation.

However, if in the same room several people say they see a shadow that disappears briefly behind a chair, possibly someone interprets it was a rat, another says it was a dog or perhaps a ghost.

However, the lighting staff clarified that the effect was caused by an outbreak of, a person moved and moved shadow fell.

The most known and used hallucinogenic substances are:

  • LSD
  • Peyote
  • Fungi
  • Yajé
  • Salvia
  • PCP
  • Ketamine
  • 2-CB

The list of hallucinogens can be much more extensive and its use is subject to fashion. And like any fashion, they appear and disappear varied, multiple and diverse reasons.

Mixed Substances

Erroneously also called it designer drugs. These are substances that can cause multiple effects and therefore, cannot be classified purely in one of the abovementioned categories.

The list can be very long, but let’s look at the following:

  • MDA
  • STP
  • DOB

However, the best known are ecstasy or MDMA and marijuana. Ecstasy has euphoric effects at low doses and if the concentration increases, and experienced hallucinations. While even today it is consumed, epidemiological data relate to its use has decreased significantly. Others claim that has been replaced by other substances.

For its part, the impact marijuana can vary significantly from person to person. Some report stimulatory effects, other depressive effects and even, some have reported hallucinatory events.

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